JavaScript (JS) is a lightweight interpreted (or just-in-time compiled) programming language with first-class functions. While it is most well-known as the scripting language for Web pages, many non-browser environments also use it, such as Node.js, Apache CouchDB and Adobe Acrobat. JavaScript is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm, single-threaded, dynamic language, supporting object-oriented, imperative, and declarative (e.g. functional programming) styles.

Programming languages all have built-in data structures, but these often differ from one language to another. This article attempts to list the built-in data structures available in JavaScript and what properties they have. These can be used to build other data structures.

SVG is an XML language, similar to XHTML, which can be used to draw vector graphics, such as the one shown below. It can be used to create an image either by specifying all the lines and shapes necessary, by modifying already existing raster images, or by a combination of both. The image and its components can also be transformed, composited together, or filtered to change their appearance completely.

In this article, we examine how Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) represents the positions and sizes of objects within a drawing context, including coordinate system and what a "pixel" measurement means in a scalable context.

This chapter introduces JavaScript and discusses some of its fundamental concepts.

The forEach() method of Array instances executes a provided function once for each array element.

The map() method of Array instances creates a new array populated with the results of calling a provided function on every element in the calling array.

The font-weight attribute refers to the boldness or lightness of the glyphs used to render the text, relative to other fonts in the same font family.

arguments is an array-like object accessible inside functions that contains the values of the arguments passed to that function.

The exponent attribute defines the exponent of the gamma function.