FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.15 [stable] Client certificates generated by kubeadm expire after 1 year. This page explains how to manage certificate renewals with kubeadm. It also covers other tasks related to kubeadm certificate management. The Kubernetes project recommends upgrading to the latest patch releases promptly, and to ensure that you are running a supported minor release of Kubernetes. Following this recommendation helps you to stay secure. Before you begin You should be familiar with PKI certificates and requirements in Kubernetes.

This page explains how to upgrade a Kubernetes cluster created with kubeadm from version 1.33.x to version 1.34.x, and from version 1.34.x to 1.34.y (where y > x). Skipping MINOR versions when upgrading is unsupported. For more details, please visit Version Skew Policy. To see information about upgrading clusters created using older versions of kubeadm, please refer to following pages instead: Upgrading a kubeadm cluster from 1.32 to 1.33 Upgrading a kubeadm cluster from 1.

Before you begin You must use a kubectl version that is within one minor version difference of your cluster. For example, a v1.34 client can communicate with v1.33, v1.34, and v1.35 control planes. Using the latest compatible version of kubectl helps avoid unforeseen issues. Install kubectl on macOS The following methods exist for installing kubectl on macOS: Install kubectl on macOS Install kubectl binary with curl on macOS Install with Homebrew on macOS Install with Macports on macOS Verify kubectl configuration Optional kubectl configurations and plugins Enable shell autocompletion Install kubectl convert plugin Install kubectl binary with curl on macOS Download the latest release:

Set up monitoring and logging to troubleshoot a cluster, or debug a containerized application.

Monitoring kubernetes system components.

FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.18 [stable] This page shows how to use the runAsUserName setting for Pods and containers that will run on Windows nodes. This is roughly equivalent of the Linux-specific runAsUser setting, allowing you to run applications in a container as a different username than the default. Before you begin You need to have a Kubernetes cluster and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster.

This page shows how to configure a Key Management Service (KMS) provider and plugin to enable secret data encryption. In Kubernetes 1.34 there are two versions of KMS at-rest encryption. You should use KMS v2 if feasible because KMS v1 is deprecated (since Kubernetes v1.28) and disabled by default (since Kubernetes v1.29). KMS v2 offers significantly better performance characteristics than KMS v1. Caution:This documentation is for the generally available implementation of KMS v2 (and for the deprecated version 1 implementation).

FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.26 [beta] Before you begin You will need to have the following tools installed: cosign (install guide) curl (often provided by your operating system) jq (download jq) Verifying binary signatures The Kubernetes release process signs all binary artifacts (tarballs, SPDX files, standalone binaries) by using cosign's keyless signing. To verify a particular binary, retrieve it together with its signature and certificate: URL=https://dl.k8s.io/release/v1.34.0/bin/linux/amd64 BINARY=kubectl FILES=( "$BINARY" "$BINARY.sig" "$BINARY.

This document highlights and consolidates configuration best practices that are introduced throughout the user guide, Getting Started documentation, and examples. This is a living document. If you think of something that is not on this list but might be useful to others, please don't hesitate to file an issue or submit a PR. General Configuration Tips When defining configurations, specify the latest stable API version. Configuration files should be stored in version control before being pushed to the cluster.

This page describes security considerations and best practices specific to the Windows operating system. Protection for Secret data on nodes On Windows, data from Secrets are written out in clear text onto the node's local storage (as compared to using tmpfs / in-memory filesystems on Linux). As a cluster operator, you should take both of the following additional measures: Use file ACLs to secure the Secrets' file location. Apply volume-level encryption using BitLocker.