The functions in this chapter are specific to certain Python object types. Passing them an object of the wrong type is not a good idea; if you receive an object from a Python program and you are no...

These functions are useful when creating your own extensions functions and methods. Additional information and examples are available in Extending and Embedding the Python Interpreter. The first th...

Codec lookup API: In the following functions, the encoding string is looked up converted to all lower-case characters, which makes encodings looked up through this mechanism effectively case-insens...

Author, A. M. Kuchling,, Release, 0.32,. In this document, we’ll take a tour of Python’s features suitable for implementing programs in a functional style. After an introduction to the concepts of ...

Contents: Design and History FAQ- Why does Python use indentation for grouping of statements?, Why am I getting strange results with simple arithmetic operations?, Why are floating-point calculatio...

Here are a few examples of how to use the email package to read, write, and send simple email messages, as well as more complex MIME messages. First, let’s see how to create and send a simple text ...

Author, Raymond Hettinger,. This article explains the new features in Python 3.1, compared to 3.0. Python 3.1 was released on June 27, 2009. PEP 372: Ordered Dictionaries: Regular Python dictionari...

This section details the public C API for the contextvars module. Type-check macros: Context object management functions: Context variable functions:

Python supports weak references as first-class objects. There are two specific object types which directly implement weak references. The first is a simple reference object, and the second acts as ...

Source code: Lib/datetime.py The datetime module supplies classes for manipulating dates and times. While date and time arithmetic is supported, the focus of the implementation is on efficient attr...