This page describes the maximum number of volumes that can be attached to a Node for various cloud providers. Cloud providers like Google, Amazon, and Microsoft typically have a limit on how many volumes can be attached to a Node. It is important for Kubernetes to respect those limits. Otherwise, Pods scheduled on a Node could get stuck waiting for volumes to attach. Kubernetes default limits The Kubernetes scheduler has default limits on the number of volumes that can be attached to a Node:

Kubernetes lets you configure single-stack IPv4 networking, single-stack IPv6 networking, or dual stack networking with both network families active. This page explains how.

FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable] Your Kubernetes cluster includes dual-stack networking, which means that cluster networking lets you use either address family. In a cluster, the control plane can assign both an IPv4 address and an IPv6 address to a single Pod or a Service. Before you begin You need to have installed the kubeadm tool, following the steps from Installing kubeadm. For each server that you want to use as a node, make sure it allows IPv6 forwarding.

FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.25 [stable] This page provides an overview of ephemeral containers: a special type of container that runs temporarily in an existing Pod to accomplish user-initiated actions such as troubleshooting. You use ephemeral containers to inspect services rather than to build applications. Understanding ephemeral containers Pods are the fundamental building block of Kubernetes applications. Since Pods are intended to be disposable and replaceable, you cannot add a container to a Pod once it has been created.

Use kubeconfig files to organize information about clusters, users, namespaces, and authentication mechanisms. The kubectl command-line tool uses kubeconfig files to find the information it needs to choose a cluster and communicate with the API server of a cluster. Note:A file that is used to configure access to clusters is called a kubeconfig file. This is a generic way of referring to configuration files. It does not mean that there is a file named kubeconfig.

In Kubernetes, some objects are owners of other objects. For example, a ReplicaSet is the owner of a set of Pods. These owned objects are dependents of their owner. Ownership is different from the labels and selectors mechanism that some resources also use. For example, consider a Service that creates EndpointSlice objects. The Service uses labels to allow the control plane to determine which EndpointSlice objects are used for that Service.

When several users or teams share a cluster with a fixed number of nodes, there is a concern that one team could use more than its fair share of resources. Resource quotas are a tool for administrators to address this concern. A resource quota, defined by a ResourceQuota object, provides constraints that limit aggregate resource consumption per namespace. A ResourceQuota can also limit the quantity of objects that can be created in a namespace by API kind, as well as the total amount of infrastructure resources that may be consumed by API objects found in that namespace.

Automatically provision and consolidate the Nodes in your cluster to adapt to demand and optimize cost.

Define a range of valid memory resource limits for a namespace, so that every new Pod in that namespace falls within the range you configure.

Define a default CPU resource limits for a namespace, so that every new Pod in that namespace has a CPU resource limit configured.