=over =item fc EXPR X<fc> X<foldcase> X<casefold> X<fold-case> X<case-fold> =item fc Returns the casefolded version of EXPR. This is the internal function implementing the C<\F> escape in double-qu...

=over =item cos EXPR X<cos> X<cosine> X<acos> X<arccosine> =item cos Returns the cosine of EXPR (expressed in radians). If EXPR is omitted, takes the cosine of L<C<$_>|perlvar/$_>. For the inverse ...

=over =item sqrt EXPR X<sqrt> X<root> X<square root> =item sqrt Return the positive square root of EXPR. If EXPR is omitted, uses L<C<$_>|perlvar/$_>. Works only for non-negative operands unless yo...

=over =item quotemeta EXPR X<quotemeta> X<metacharacter> =item quotemeta Returns the value of EXPR with all the ASCII non-"word" characters backslashed. (That is, all ASCII characters not matching ...

=over =item substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT X<substr> X<substring> X<mid> X<left> X<right> =item substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH =item substr EXPR,OFFSET Extracts a substring out of EXPR and return...

=over =item map BLOCK LIST X<map> =item map EXPR,LIST Evaluates the BLOCK or EXPR for each element of LIST (locally setting L<C<$_>|perlvar/$_> to each element) and composes a list of the results o...

=over =item close FILEHANDLE X<close> =item close Closes the file or pipe associated with the filehandle, flushes the IO buffers, and closes the system file descriptor. Returns true if those operat...

=over =item getc FILEHANDLE X<getc> X<getchar> X<character> X<file, read> =item getc Returns the next character from the input file attached to FILEHANDLE, or the undefined value at end of file or ...

=over =item chroot FILENAME X<chroot> X<root> =item chroot This function works like the system call by the same name: it makes the named directory the new root directory for all further pathnames t...

=over =item seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS X<seekdir> Sets the current position for the L<C<readdir>|/readdir DIRHANDLE> routine on DIRHANDLE. POS must be a value returned by L<C<telldir>|/telldir DIRHANDLE...